{"id":144005,"date":"2026-04-02T17:08:30","date_gmt":"2026-04-02T17:08:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/citizen-conservation.org\/?post_type=portfolio&#038;p=144005"},"modified":"2026-04-10T16:20:48","modified_gmt":"2026-04-10T16:20:48","slug":"lojanan-marsupial-frog","status":"publish","type":"portfolio","link":"https:\/\/citizen-conservation.org\/en\/portfolio\/lojanan-marsupial-frog\/","title":{"rendered":"Lojanan Marsupial Frog"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row unlock_row_content=&#8221;yes&#8221; row_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; back_image=&#8221;143999&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_visibility=&#8221;yes&#8221; content_parallax=&#8221;0&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;450564&#8243;][vc_column column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;0&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;180389&#8243;][vc_row_inner row_inner_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; limit_content=&#8221;&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;773541&#8243;][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_visibility=&#8221;yes&#8221; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_visibility=&#8221;yes&#8221; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/6&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;120962&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; position_horizontal=&#8221;left&#8221; gutter_size=&#8221;1&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; border_color=&#8221;transparent&#8221; shift_x=&#8221;3&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;2\/6&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;172990&#8243; border_color_type=&#8221;uncode-palette&#8221;][vc_custom_heading auto_text=&#8221;yes&#8221; heading_semantic=&#8221;h1&#8243; text_size=&#8221;h1&#8243; css_animation=&#8221;left-t-right&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;202810&#8243;]This is a custom heading element.[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic=&#8221;h3&#8243; text_weight=&#8221;300&#8243; text_italic=&#8221;yes&#8221; css_animation=&#8221;left-t-right&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;861187&#8243;]<i>Gastrotheca lojana<\/i>[\/vc_custom_heading][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/6&#8243;][vc_empty_space empty_h=&#8221;4&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;2\/6&#8243;][vc_single_image media=&#8221;143930&#8243; media_width_percent=&#8221;80&#8243; css_animation=&#8221;right-t-left&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;183114&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row unlock_row_content=&#8221;yes&#8221; row_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; back_image=&#8221;143995&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; desktop_visibility=&#8221;yes&#8221; medium_visibility=&#8221;yes&#8221; content_parallax=&#8221;0&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;168725&#8243; row_height_pixel=&#8221;500px&#8221;][vc_column column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;0&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;180389&#8243;][vc_row_inner row_inner_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; limit_content=&#8221;&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;773541&#8243;][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_visibility=&#8221;yes&#8221; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_visibility=&#8221;yes&#8221; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/6&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;120962&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; position_horizontal=&#8221;left&#8221; gutter_size=&#8221;1&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; border_color=&#8221;transparent&#8221; shift_x=&#8221;5&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;5&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;2\/6&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;116524&#8243; border_color_type=&#8221;uncode-palette&#8221;][vc_custom_heading auto_text=&#8221;yes&#8221; heading_semantic=&#8221;h1&#8243; text_size=&#8221;h1&#8243; css_animation=&#8221;left-t-right&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;202810&#8243;]This is a custom heading element.[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic=&#8221;h3&#8243; text_weight=&#8221;300&#8243; text_italic=&#8221;yes&#8221; css_animation=&#8221;left-t-right&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;111853&#8243;]<em>Gastrotheca lojana<\/em>[\/vc_custom_heading][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/6&#8243;][vc_empty_space empty_h=&#8221;4&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; position_horizontal=&#8221;right&#8221; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;2\/6&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;261169&#8243;][vc_empty_space empty_h=&#8221;2&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; 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bar_color_solid=&#8221;#ffa61a&#8221; title=&#8221;Status 11\/2025&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;3&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/6&#8243;][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic=&#8221;h4&#8243; text_size=&#8221;h4&#8243; sub_lead=&#8221;small&#8221; sub_reduced=&#8221;yes&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;273121&#8243; subheading=&#8221;225 animals&#8221;]CC goal[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_empty_space empty_h=&#8221;1&#8243;][vc_pie value=&#8221;5&#8243; label_value=&#8221;11&#8243; arc_width=&#8221;20&#8243; bar_color=&#8221;&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;865629&#8243; bar_color_type=&#8221;uncode-solid&#8221; bar_color_solid=&#8221;#f03b1a&#8221; title=&#8221;Status 11\/2025&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; override_padding=&#8221;yes&#8221; h_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; top_padding=&#8221;0&#8243; bottom_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;119000&#8243;][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243;][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;185050&#8243;]David Friedrich Weinland, who lived from 1829 to 1895, is still quite well known in Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg today. His young adult novel <em>Rulaman<\/em> was published in 1878 and tells the story of a Stone Age boy from the region. The book is a true long-seller: it has been translated into nine languages and sold over half a million copies in Germany alone. It is still in print and read to this day. However, Weinland also left a lasting mark in other fields. He was involved in the establishment of the zoo in Frankfurt am Main and was recognised worldwide as a biologist. What\u2019s more, he was the first to discover the purpose of the strange opening on the lower back of female marsupial frogs \u2013 and it is quite spectacular![\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; override_padding=&#8221;yes&#8221; h_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; top_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; bottom_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; content_parallax=&#8221;0&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;647677&#8243;][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243;][vc_custom_heading uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;135560&#8243;]<span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW170379879 BCX0\">A\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW170379879 BCX0\">unique<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW170379879 BCX0\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW170379879 BCX0\">reproductive<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW170379879 BCX0\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW170379879 BCX0\">strategy<\/span>[\/vc_custom_heading][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; override_padding=&#8221;yes&#8221; h_padding=&#8221;1&#8243; top_padding=&#8221;1&#8243; bottom_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;100&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;100&#8243; column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; content_parallax=&#8221;0&#8243; style=&#8221;inherited&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;598495&#8243; front_end_with_slider=&#8221;true&#8221;][vc_column column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; align_horizontal=&#8221;align_center&#8221; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; style=&#8221;light&#8221; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; zoom_width=&#8221;0&#8243; zoom_height=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243;][uncode_slider slider_interval=&#8221;0&#8243; slider_navspeed=&#8221;200&#8243; slider_loop=&#8221;yes&#8221; el_id=&#8221;213053&#8243;][vc_row_inner row_inner_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; overlay_color=&#8221;color-xsdn&#8221; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;4&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; limit_content=&#8221;yes&#8221; front_end_with_slider=&#8221;true&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;144687&#8243; overlay_color_type=&#8221;uncode-palette&#8221;][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;2\/3&#8243;][vc_single_image media=&#8221;143934&#8243; caption=&#8221;yes&#8221; media_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;750742&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;109282&#8243;][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;626251&#8243;]A female Lojanan Marsupial Frog with the characteristic opening on the lower back[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner row_inner_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; overlay_color=&#8221;color-xsdn&#8221; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;4&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; limit_content=&#8221;yes&#8221; front_end_with_slider=&#8221;true&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;132541&#8243; overlay_color_type=&#8221;uncode-palette&#8221;][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;2\/3&#8243;][vc_single_image media=&#8221;143936&#8243; caption=&#8221;yes&#8221; media_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;118338&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;146680&#8243;][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;148485&#8243;]A female Riobamba Marsupial Frog with a fully engorged pouch. The tadpoles develop inside it for one to two months, receiving oxygen via their external bell-shaped gills through specially formed tissue.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner row_inner_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; overlay_color=&#8221;color-xsdn&#8221; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;4&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; limit_content=&#8221;yes&#8221; front_end_with_slider=&#8221;true&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;135335&#8243; overlay_color_type=&#8221;uncode-palette&#8221;][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;2\/3&#8243;][vc_single_image media=&#8221;143938&#8243; caption=&#8221;yes&#8221; media_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;735947&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;129735&#8243;][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;461113&#8243;]The female Riobamba Marsupial Frog releases the tadpoles into the water. To do this, she spreads the pouch open with her toes.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner row_inner_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; overlay_color=&#8221;color-xsdn&#8221; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;4&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; limit_content=&#8221;yes&#8221; front_end_with_slider=&#8221;true&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;157250&#8243; overlay_color_type=&#8221;uncode-palette&#8221;][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;2\/3&#8243;][vc_single_image media=&#8221;143940&#8243; caption=&#8221;yes&#8221; media_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;119075&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;759354&#8243;][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;104594&#8243;]A free-swimming tadpole of the Riobamba Marsupial Frog. After spending the first stage of their lives in their mother\u2019s pouch, the tadpoles must fend for themselves in the water.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;2\/3&#8243;][vc_single_image media=&#8221;143942&#8243; caption=&#8221;yes&#8221; media_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;186895&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243;][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;297703&#8243;]The bizarre Horned Marsupial Frog (<em>Gastrotheca cornuta<\/em>) is threatened with extinction. Its tadpoles grow inside a pouch until metamorphosis, emerging as fully-formed miniature frogs.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;2\/3&#8243;][vc_single_image media=&#8221;143944&#8243; caption=&#8221;yes&#8221; media_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;117808&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243;][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;683306&#8243;]The San Lucas Marsupial Frog (<em>Gastrotheca pseustes<\/em>) is found in the Ecuadorian Andes at altitudes of over 4,000 metres. It lays relatively small eggs and then releases the tadpoles into shallow pools.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;2\/3&#8243;][vc_single_image media=&#8221;143946&#8243; caption=&#8221;yes&#8221; media_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;143007&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243;][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;138284&#8243;]In the case of the green Papallacta Marsupial Frog (<em>Gastrotheca orophylax<\/em>) from the Andes in Ecuador and Colombia, fully developed tadpoles still hatch from the brood pouch.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;2\/3&#8243;][vc_single_image media=&#8221;143948&#8243; caption=&#8221;yes&#8221; media_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;155553&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243;][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;812062&#8243;]The Cuenca Marsupial Frog (<em>Gastrotheca cuencana<\/em>) was only discovered in 2019 and is closely related to the Lojanan Marsupial Frog. Unfortunately, it is critically endangered for the same reasons as its relative.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;2\/3&#8243;][vc_single_image media=&#8221;144044&#8243; caption=&#8221;yes&#8221; media_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;699502&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243;][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;100627&#8243;]A tragic loss: the Marsupial Frog <em>Gastrotheca guentheri<\/em> is believed to be extinct. This is particularly tragic because it was the only known frog to have real teeth in its lower jaw.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;2\/3&#8243;][vc_single_image media=&#8221;143951&#8243; caption=&#8221;yes&#8221; media_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;187989&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243;][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;101823&#8243;]To ensure that tadpoles continue to hatch from this pouch in the future, Citizen Conservation has launched a conservation breeding programme for the Lojanan Marsupial Frog.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/uncode_slider][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; override_padding=&#8221;yes&#8221; h_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; top_padding=&#8221;3&#8243; bottom_padding=&#8221;3&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; content_parallax=&#8221;0&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;196778&#8243;][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243;][vc_custom_heading uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;111225&#8243;]<span class=\"TextRun MacChromeBold SCXW43613213 BCX0\" lang=\"DE-DE\" xml:lang=\"DE-DE\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW43613213 BCX0\">A\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW43613213 BCX0\">backpacker<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW43613213 BCX0\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW43613213 BCX0\">frog<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW43613213 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span>[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;207710&#8243;]<span data-contrast=\"auto\">With 78 species, marsupial frogs are widespread across tropical America. The opening on the back leads into a brood pouch. Weinstein discovered that inside this pouch, the female frog carries tadpoles that are connected via a sort of umbilical cord to a structure resembling an inflated plastic bag. He\u00a0realised\u00a0that these were external gills. With these so-called bell gills, which\u00a0wrap around\u00a0them like a protective film, the tadpoles can absorb oxygen from the well-perfused tissue inside the pouch and thus grow undisturbed within the protection of the skin pouch.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Once they are big enough, the mother releases them into a body of water, where they swim about until they undergo metamorphosis, as is typical for tadpoles. In some Marsupial Frogs, the tadpoles even complete their entire development inside the pouch and only emerge into the open as fully-formed frogs.\u00a0 <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row unlock_row=&#8221;&#8221; row_height_percent=&#8221;60&#8243; override_padding=&#8221;yes&#8221; h_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; top_padding=&#8221;3&#8243; bottom_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; back_color=&#8221;color-xsdn&#8221; back_image=&#8221;143955&#8243; overlay_color=&#8221;color-jevc&#8221; overlay_alpha=&#8221;0&#8243; equal_height=&#8221;yes&#8221; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; top_divider=&#8221;gradient&#8221; bottom_divider=&#8221;gradient&#8221; content_parallax=&#8221;0&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;257815&#8243; back_color_type=&#8221;uncode-palette&#8221; overlay_color_type=&#8221;uncode-palette&#8221;][vc_column column_width_percent=&#8221;70&#8243; position_vertical=&#8221;middle&#8221; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; style=&#8221;dark&#8221; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; radius=&#8221;sm&#8221; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;147564&#8243;][vc_custom_heading css_animation=&#8221;bottom-t-top&#8221; animation_delay=&#8221;300&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;761980&#8243;]<span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8220;The Lojanan Marsupial Frog is at the forefront of marsupial frog evolution&#8221;<\/span>[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_empty_space empty_h=&#8221;2&#8243;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; override_padding=&#8221;yes&#8221; h_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; top_padding=&#8221;0&#8243; bottom_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;234961&#8243;][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243;][vc_column_text text_lead=&#8221;small&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;372459&#8243;]<span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a9\u00a0Amadeus\u00a0Plewnia<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; override_padding=&#8221;yes&#8221; h_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; top_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; bottom_padding=&#8221;3&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; content_parallax=&#8221;0&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;191729&#8243;][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243;][vc_custom_heading uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;998158&#8243;]<span class=\"TextRun MacChromeBold SCXW25856893 BCX0\" lang=\"DE-DE\" xml:lang=\"DE-DE\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun ContextualSpellingAndGrammarErrorV2Themed SCXW25856893 BCX0\">Foot<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW25856893 BCX0\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW25856893 BCX0\">acrobats<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW25856893 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span>[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;865214&#8243;]<span class=\"TextRun SCXW38856099 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW38856099 BCX0\">The purpose of this\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun ContextualSpellingAndGrammarErrorV2Themed SCXW38856099 BCX0\">brood<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW38856099 BCX0\">\u00a0care is obvious: inside the pouch, the young are perfectly protected from dehydration and predators. This adaptation, unique among frogs, has given rise to further distinctive features. It begins as early as mating. The smaller males cling to the females\u2019 backs in the so-called amplexus, as is typical for frogs. But then, unlike is customary with frogs, they do not deposit their sperm over the eggs\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW38856099 BCX0\">emerging<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW38856099 BCX0\">\u00a0from the female\u2019s cloaca; instead, the female turns her cloaca far upwards, creating a small depression on her lower back. The male then deposits his sperm there and spreads it with his feet. The female then begins to lay her eggs. As she does so, the male uses his feet to guide the emerging eggs through the semen on her back and finally tucks them into the female\u2019s pouch.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW38856099 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span> [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; override_padding=&#8221;yes&#8221; h_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; top_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; bottom_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; content_parallax=&#8221;0&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;136594&#8243;][vc_column column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;2&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;211499&#8243;][vc_single_image media=&#8221;143958&#8243; media_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;972233&#8243;][vc_column_text text_lead=&#8221;small&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;156966&#8243;]<span class=\"TextRun SCXW147718438 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW147718438 BCX0\">The\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW147718438 BCX0\">Lojanan<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW147718438 BCX0\"> Marsupial Frog in its natural habitat \u2013 but for how much longer?<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW147718438 BCX0\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW147718438 BCX0\">\u00a9<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW147718438 BCX0\">\u00a0Luis A. Coloma<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW147718438 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span> [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; override_padding=&#8221;yes&#8221; h_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; top_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; bottom_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; content_parallax=&#8221;0&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;210659&#8243;][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243;][vc_custom_heading uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;100561&#8243;]<span class=\"TextRun MacChromeBold SCXW65513560 BCX0\" lang=\"DE-DE\" xml:lang=\"DE-DE\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW65513560 BCX0\">Final\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW65513560 BCX0\">cleaning<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW65513560 BCX0\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW65513560 BCX0\">included<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW65513560 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span>[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;163362&#8243;]<span class=\"TextRun SCXW53060382 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW53060382 BCX0\">Within the pouch, a well-perfused tissue of fibrous membranes develops\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW53060382 BCX0\">immediately<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW53060382 BCX0\">,\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW53060382 BCX0\">facilitating<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW53060382 BCX0\">\u00a0gas exchange via the adjacent bell-shaped gills of the tadpoles. In the case of the\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW53060382 BCX0\">Lojanan<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW53060382 BCX0\"> Marsupial Frog from the Andes in southern Ecuador, the mother makes her way to a body of water after one to two months and releases the larvae into the water. To do this, she spreads the pouch open with the toes of her hind feet so that the tadpoles can find their way out. Finally, the pouch is thoroughly cleaned out: any stubborn nestlings are scraped out just as ruthlessly as the discarded bell-shaped gills and remnants of the breathable pouch tissue. The larvae then swim in the water as if nothing had happened, just like normal frog tadpoles with internal gills, until one day they undergo metamorphosis, start breathing through lungs and move onto land.\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW53060382 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span> [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; override_padding=&#8221;yes&#8221; h_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; top_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; bottom_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;640423&#8243;][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243;][vc_custom_heading uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;200423&#8243;]Birth of frogs \u2013 and back again [\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;433653&#8243;]<span class=\"TextRun SCXW148662732 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW148662732 BCX0\">The evolutionary path of the Marsupial Frogs is also unique. Initially, they developed the strategy of carrying their young in a pouch until metamorphosis: this is practical for tree-dwelling species, as it frees them from dependence on water bodies, which they no longer need to seek out specifically and where, moreover, many dangers lurk for the tadpoles. A problem that other frogs tackle by laying extremely large clutches <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW148662732 BCX0\">containing<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW148662732 BCX0\"> many hundreds or even thousands of eggs. For Marsupial Frogs, however, <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW148662732 BCX0\">relatively few<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW148662732 BCX0\">\u00a0eggs were sufficient because the larvae\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun ContextualSpellingAndGrammarErrorV2Themed SCXW148662732 BCX0\">grow up<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW148662732 BCX0\">\u00a0well protected in the pouch. They were so successful with this tactic that they were also able to\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW148662732 BCX0\">colonise<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW148662732 BCX0\">\u00a0the p\u00e1ramo regions\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun ContextualSpellingAndGrammarErrorV2Themed SCXW148662732 BCX0\">in<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW148662732 BCX0\">\u00a0the high altitudes of the Andes. Yet there are no trees there; instead, there are many small bodies of water and few predators. Consequently, the\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW148662732 BCX0\">Lojanan<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW148662732 BCX0\"> Marsupial Frogs and their relatives have taken a step back in their evolution: the considerable effort <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW148662732 BCX0\">required of<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW148662732 BCX0\"> the mother to carry her young around until metamorphosis was no longer necessary. That is why they now cast their brood out of the house \u2013 or rather, out of the pouch \u2013 at an earlier stage. The <span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW148662732 BCX0\">Lojanan<\/span> Marsupial Frog is thus at the forefront of pouched frog evolution<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW148662732 BCX0\">!\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW148662732 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span> [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; override_padding=&#8221;yes&#8221; h_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; top_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; bottom_padding=&#8221;0&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;187686&#8243;][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243;][vc_custom_heading uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;232664&#8243;]<span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW46438682 BCX0\">Safeguarded<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW46438682 BCX0\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW46438682 BCX0\">by<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW46438682 BCX0\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW46438682 BCX0\">the<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW46438682 BCX0\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW46438682 BCX0\">bag<\/span>[\/vc_custom_heading][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=&#8221;&#8221; override_padding=&#8221;yes&#8221; h_padding=&#8221;&#8221; top_padding=&#8221;&#8221; bottom_padding=&#8221;&#8221; overlay_alpha=&#8221;&#8221; gutter_size=&#8221;&#8221; column_width_percent=&#8221;&#8221; shift_y=&#8221;&#8221; z_index=&#8221;&#8221; top_divider=&#8221;&#8221; bottom_divider=&#8221;&#8221; style=&#8221;inherited&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;133485&#8243; el_class=&#8221;gross_navigation_innen&#8221;][vc_column column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; align_horizontal=&#8221;align_center&#8221; gutter_size=&#8221;2&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;0&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; zoom_width=&#8221;0&#8243; zoom_height=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;143018&#8243;][vc_gallery el_id=&#8221;gallery-12&#8243; type=&#8221;carousel&#8221; medias=&#8221;143964,143966,143968,143970,143972,143974,143976,143978,143980,143982,143984,143986&#8243; carousel_lg=&#8221;1&#8243; carousel_md=&#8221;1&#8243; carousel_sm=&#8221;1&#8243; thumb_size=&#8221;sixteen-nine&#8221; gutter_size=&#8221;0&#8243; media_items=&#8221;media|nolink|original,description,caption&#8221; carousel_type=&#8221;fade&#8221; carousel_interval=&#8221;0&#8243; carousel_navspeed=&#8221;400&#8243; carousel_loop=&#8221;yes&#8221; carousel_nav=&#8221;yes&#8221; carousel_dots=&#8221;yes&#8221; carousel_dots_mobile=&#8221;yes&#8221; carousel_dots_inside=&#8221;yes&#8221; carousel_dot_padding=&#8221;5&#8243; stage_padding=&#8221;0&#8243; single_text=&#8221;under&#8221; single_overlay_opacity=&#8221;50&#8243; single_overlay_anim=&#8221;no&#8221; single_text_anim=&#8221;no&#8221; single_image_anim=&#8221;no&#8221; single_reduced=&#8221;three_quarter&#8221; single_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; single_title_semantic=&#8221;h4&#8243; single_meta_custom_typo=&#8221;yes&#8221; single_meta_weight=&#8221;500&#8243; single_icon=&#8221;fa fa-search3&#8243; single_border=&#8221;yes&#8221; lbox_caption=&#8221;yes&#8221; no_double_tap=&#8221;yes&#8221; carousel_rtl=&#8221;&#8221; single_title_uppercase=&#8221;&#8221; single_title_bold=&#8221;&#8221; single_title_serif=&#8221;&#8221; onclick=&#8221;link_image&#8221; custom_links_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; items=&#8221;eyI4ODY4X2kiOnsic2luZ2xlX3dpZHRoIjoiNCIsInNpbmdsZV9oZWlnaHQiOiI0In0sIjg4NjJfaSI6eyJzaW5nbGVfd2lkdGgiOiI0Iiwic2luZ2xlX2hlaWdodCI6IjQifSwiODg2MF9pIjp7InNpbmdsZV93aWR0aCI6IjQiLCJzaW5nbGVfaGVpZ2h0IjoiNCJ9LCIyNjIxOF9pIjp7InNpbmdsZV93aWR0aCI6IjQiLCJzaW5nbGVfaGVpZ2h0IjoiNCJ9LCIyNjIyNF9pIjp7InNpbmdsZV93aWR0aCI6IjQiLCJzaW5nbGVfaGVpZ2h0IjoiNCJ9LCIyNjIyMl9pIjp7InNpbmdsZV93aWR0aCI6IjQiLCJzaW5nbGVfaGVpZ2h0IjoiNCJ9LCIyNjIyOV9pIjp7InNpbmdsZV93aWR0aCI6IjQiLCJzaW5nbGVfaGVpZ2h0IjoiNCJ9fQ==&#8221; single_half_padding=&#8221;&#8221; single_no_background=&#8221;&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;164025&#8243;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; override_padding=&#8221;yes&#8221; h_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; top_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; bottom_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;640423&#8243;][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243;][vc_custom_heading uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;128899&#8243;]<span class=\"TextRun MacChromeBold SCXW106666931 BCX0\" lang=\"DE-DE\" xml:lang=\"DE-DE\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW106666931 BCX0\">The\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW106666931 BCX0\">trick<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW106666931 BCX0\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW106666931 BCX0\">turns<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW106666931 BCX0\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW106666931 BCX0\">into<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW106666931 BCX0\">\u00a0a\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW106666931 BCX0\">trap<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW106666931 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span> [\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;211355&#8243;]<span class=\"TextRun SCXW94833849 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW94833849 BCX0\">This makes it all the more tragic\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun ContextualSpellingAndGrammarErrorV2Themed SCXW94833849 BCX0\">that<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW94833849 BCX0\">\u00a0it is on the brink of extinction. The situation does not yet appear quite so dire on the International Red List, where the species is still classified as \u201cvulnerable<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW94833849 BCX0\">\u201d.<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW94833849 BCX0\">\u00a0This is because that classification\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun AdvancedProofingIssueV2Themed SCXW94833849 BCX0\">dates back to<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW94833849 BCX0\">\u00a02016. However, recent research findings conclude that the\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW94833849 BCX0\">Lojanan<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW94833849 BCX0\"> Marsupial Frog must be classified in the highest category, \u2018critically endangered<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW94833849 BCX0\">\u2019,<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW94833849 BCX0\">\u00a0in the next update of the Red List. This is because its former adaptive successes have now turned into the opposite. The p\u00e1ramo and scrubland areas around the Ecuadorian city of Loja, which it originally inhabited, have been\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW94833849 BCX0\">largely destroyed<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW94833849 BCX0\">\u00a0by human settlements and agriculture, and now the tadpoles that have returned to the water are suddenly having to contend with pollution and introduced fish. These unique frogs are thus at risk of being lost forever \u2013 so it is high time not only to protect their habitat, but also to\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW94833849 BCX0\">establish<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW94833849 BCX0\">\u00a0a conservation breeding\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW94833849 BCX0\">programme<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW94833849 BCX0\">\u00a0for them!<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW94833849 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span> [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=&#8221;0&#8243; override_padding=&#8221;yes&#8221; h_padding=&#8221;2&#8243; top_padding=&#8221;3&#8243; bottom_padding=&#8221;4&#8243; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; equal_height=&#8221;yes&#8221; gutter_size=&#8221;0&#8243; column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; content_parallax=&#8221;0&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;382183&#8243;][vc_column column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; back_image=&#8221;143960&#8243; back_position=&#8221;left center&#8221; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;4&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;7&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243; el_class=&#8221;inverted-device-order&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;144606&#8243; mobile_height=&#8221;120px&#8221;][\/vc_column][vc_column column_width_percent=&#8221;100&#8243; position_horizontal=&#8221;left&#8221; position_vertical=&#8221;middle&#8221; gutter_size=&#8221;3&#8243; back_color=&#8221;color-lxmt&#8221; overlay_alpha=&#8221;50&#8243; shift_x=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y=&#8221;0&#8243; shift_y_down=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index=&#8221;0&#8243; medium_width=&#8221;4&#8243; mobile_width=&#8221;0&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;674740&#8243; back_color_type=&#8221;uncode-palette&#8221;][vc_custom_heading text_color=&#8221;accent&#8221; heading_semantic=&#8221;h6&#8243; text_size=&#8221;h6&#8243; text_transform=&#8221;uppercase&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;784547&#8243; text_color_type=&#8221;uncode-palette&#8221;]For breeders[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_custom_heading text_size=&#8221;h3&#8243; sub_lead=&#8221;small&#8221; subheading=&#8221;A frog suitable only for experienced keepers. It is important to ensure that temperatures drop as much as possible at night. Daytime temperatures 16\u201324 \u00b0C. Terrarium for a pair: minimum dimensions 50 x 50 x 60 cm (length x width x height). Three-month dry season; high humidity at night. Feeding on live insects is straightforward. &#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;103866&#8243;]Basic information on biology and breeding[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_button button_color=&#8221;accent&#8221; outline=&#8221;yes&#8221; border_width=&#8221;0&#8243; link=&#8221;url:https%3A%2F%2Fcitizen-conservation.org%2Fen%2Fgastrotheca-lojana_cc-breeding-guidelines-2%2F|target:_blank|&#8221; button_color_type=&#8221;uncode-palette&#8221; uncode_shortcode_id=&#8221;878132&#8243;]PDF-Download[\/vc_button][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A unique breeding strategy: in the case of the Lojanan Marsuipial Frog, the mother raises her young in a protective pouch on her back. The kangaroo of the frog world! <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":143930,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[],"portfolio_category":[213,214],"class_list":["post-144005","portfolio","type-portfolio","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","portfolio_category-amphibians","portfolio_category-species"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Lojanan Marsupial Frog | Citizen Conservation<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A unique breeding strategy: in the case of the Lojanan Marsuipial Frog, the mother raises her young in a protective pouch on her back. 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